Category DMCA

The Complexity Dialectic: A 2021 Update

[Jonathan Band] In March 2015, I published The Complexity Dialectic: A Case Study From Copyright Law, where I argued that the nature of the U.S. political system encourages increasingly complex regulatory frameworks, which benefit those with more resources to navigate those frameworks. I used the triennial rulemaking under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (“DMCA”) as a case study to demonstrate this point. I showed that the rule issued by the Librarian of Congress (upon the recommendation of the Copyright Office) had grown increasingly complex. The number of words in the exemptions increased from 35 words for two exempted classes of works in the 2000 rulemaking cycle to 1,172 words for five exempted classes in the 2013 cycle. The most recent set of exemptions continues this trend.

Librarian of Congress Adopts Research-Friendly Exemptions to Section 1201

[Jonathan Band] On October 27, 2021, the Librarian of Congress issued new exemptions to the prohibition on the circumvention of technological protection measures set forth in the 17 U.S.C. 1201. Several of these exemptions adopted in the triennial section 1201 rulemaking explicitly support research activities. Moreover, the 350-page recommendation of the Register of Copyright, on which the Librarian based the exemptions, provided a detailed analysis of the lawfulness of the underlying research activity necessitating the exemption. The National Telecommunications and Information Administration generally concurred with the Register’s recommendations. The exemptions and their supporting documents reflect the broad right to research in current U.S. copyright law.

Readability, Accessibility, and Clarity: An Analysis of DMCA Repeat Infringer Policies

[Amanda Reid] Abstract: Internet access is an essential service in the digital age, and internet service providers (ISPs) are a powerful choke point in the digital ecosystem. The Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) offers statutory safe harbor protection from copyright liability on the condition that an online service provider (1) adopts, (2) informs subscribers of, and (3) enforces a policy to terminate repeat infringers, in appropriate circumstances. This study examines the second condition, namely how well an ISP informs subscribers of its repeat infringer policy. Other research has analyzed platform policies, like privacy policies and end user license agreements. However, there has been no systematic analysis of ISP repeat infringer policies.

Copyright’s Digital/Analog Divide

Author: Matthew Sag Abstract: This Article shows how the substantive balance of copyright law has been overshadowed online by the system of intermediary safe harbors enacted as part of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (“DMCA”) in 1998. The Internet safe…

Notice and Takedown in Everyday Practice

Authors:  Jennifer M. Urban, Joe Karaganis, and Brianna L. Schofield Abstract: It has been nearly twenty years since section 512 of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act established the so-called notice and takedown process. Despite its importance to copyright holders, online…

The (Re-)return of the Monkey Selfie

The monkey selfie is back. Again. This time in an improbable lawsuit for copyright infringement filed by an improbable plaintiff, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), on behalf of the improbable photographer—an Indonesian crested Macaque named, according to…

Important Win for Fair Use in ‘Dancing Baby’ Lawsuit

Appeals Court Affirms That Copyright Owners Must Consider Fair Use in Online Takedowns [EFF Press Release, Link (CC-BY)] An appeals court in San Francisco today affirmed that copyright holders must consider whether a use of material is fair before sending…

The Rise of the Robo Notice

Jennifer Urban and I just published a short version of our work on notice and takedown in the Communications of the ACM (currently paywalled but accessible through most universities).  Here’s the general argument: As automated systems became common, the number…