[Sophie Bloemen and David Hammerstein] ... a commons approach in biomedical research & development (R&D) can help pull us out of the current crisis of over-diagnosis, over-prescription, low innovation, secrecy and sky-rocketing costs for both patients and health systems. While not exhaustive in our analysis of the many factors affecting biomedical innovation and public health, we propose entry points in the form of policies with the power to transition society away from the current proprietary, centralised and extractive model. In a second step, we put forward a vision for future initiatives in line with commons principles, where the EU should be investing for long-term benefit.